Today we will see how to make project on 'project on diabetes and exercise for class 12' this project is only for class 12th student and this project is belongs to 'BIOLOGY' in this project we will cover following steps
➢ Introduction
➢ Diabetes
• What is diabetes?
• Types of diabetes
• Symptoms of diabetes
• Interesting facts
➢ Exercise
• Physical activities and diabetes
• Diabetes medication and exercise
• How much exercise do we need?
• Type 2 diabetes prevention tips
➢ Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Exercise helps control weight, lowers blood pressure, reduces harmful LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, raises healthy HDL cholesterol, strengthens muscles and bones, and reduces anxiety. Exercise can help regulate blood sugar and increase the body's sensitivity to insulin. Both are important for people with diabetes.
Exercise makes it easier to control Diabetes. When we have Type 2 diabetes, physical activity is an important component of your treatment plan. It's also important to have a healthy meal plan and maintain blood glucose level through medications or insulin, if necessary.
Now let us look into the various types of Diabetes, the way it affects our body and how we can use Exercise to control and regulate this deadly chronic disease.
DIABETES
What Is Diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease that affects your body’s ability to produce or use insulin. Insulin is a hormone. When your body turns the food you eat, into energy (also called sugar or glucose), insulin is released to help transport this energy to the cells. Its chemical message tells the cell to open and receive glucose.
If you produce little or no insulin, or are insulin resistant, too much sugar remains in your blood. Blood glucose levels are higher than normal for individuals with diabetes.
Types of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes is believed to be an autoimmune condition. This means your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the beta cells in your pancreas that produce insulin. The damage is permanent.
What prompts the attacks isn’t clear. There may be both genetic and environmental reasons. Lifestyle factors aren’t thought to play a role.
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes starts as insulin resistance. This means your body can’t use insulin efficiently. That stimulates your pancreas to produce more insulin until it can no longer keep up with demand. Insulin production decreases, which leads to high blood sugar.
The exact cause of type 2 diabetes is unknown. Contributing factors may include:
• genetics
• lack of exercise
• being overweight
There may also be other health factors and environmental reasons.
Gestational diabetes
Gestational Diabetes is due to insulin-blocking hormones produced during pregnancy. This type of diabetes only occurs during pregnancy.
Symptoms of Diabetes
Diabetes symptoms vary depending on how much your blood sugar is elevated. Some people, especially those with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not experience symptoms initially. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe.
Some of the signs and symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are:
➢ Increased thirst
➢ Frequent urination
➢ Extreme hunger
➢ Unexplained weight loss
➢ Presence of ketones in the urine (ketones are a by-product of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there's not enough available insulin)
➢ Fatigue
➢ Irritability
➢ Blurred vision
➢ Slow-healing sores
➢ Frequent infections, such as gums or skin infections and vaginal infections.
Type 1 diabetes can develop at any age, though it often appears during childhood or adolescence. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age, though it's more common in people older than 40.
Interesting Facts
Fact #1: Diabetes is not caused by eating sugar.
Fact #2: People with diabetes can enjoy sweets.
Fact #3: Gestational diabetes does not mean your baby will have diabetes
Fact #4: Diabetes causes a lot of emotions.
Fact #5: Diabetes takes time and adjustment.
EXERCISE
Types of Exercise
Aerobic exercise involves repeated and continuous movement of large muscle groups. Activities such as walking, cycling, jogging, and swimming rely primarily on aerobic energy-producing systems.
Resistance (strength) training includes exercises with free weights, weight machines, body weight, or elastic resistance bands. Flexibility exercises improve range of motion around joints. Balance exercises benefit gait and prevent falls. Activities like tai chi and yoga combine flexibility, balance, and resistance.
➢ Aerobics.
➢ Flexibility Workout.
➢ Strength Training.
Physical Activities and Diabetes?
Physical activity is like a “secret weapon” to help fight diabetes. When you exercise, your muscles use glucose for energy. This reduces the amount of glucose in your blood. Exercise also makes your body more sensitive to insulin, which means that insulin can do a better job of moving glucose from your blood into your cells. Exercise also helps improve other medical problems that are common in people with diabetes, such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
Diabetes Medication and Exercise
You should check your blood glucose level before and after exercise, especially if you take insulin or oral medications to lower blood glucose. Exercise changes the way your body reacts to insulin and this can make blood glucose levels too low or too high. These are serious conditions but with the right monitoring, you can avoid them. Fear of these conditions should not keep you from exercising.
Because exercise can lower blood glucose, some diabetes medication doses may need to be adjusted when you exercise.
How Much Exercise Do We Need?
The Diabetes Association (DA) recommends the following physical activity for adults with type 2 diabetes for blood sugar benefits and overall health:
• At least two and a half hours of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity per week (i.e., brisk walking, water aerobics, swimming, or jogging).
• Two to three sessions of resistance exercise per week. Resistance exercise is physical activity that strengthens muscle strength, such as lifting five-pound weights or doing push ups.
• No more than two days in a row without physical activity.
• Breaking up sitting time every 30 minutes during the day.
• Incorporate flexibility exercises, like stretching or yoga into your weekly routine.
Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Tips
• While genetics plays an important role in the development of Diabetes, an individual still has the ability to influence their health to prevent Type 2 Diabetes.
• There is no known way to prevent Type 1 Diabetes. This article focuses on ways to control risk factors for Type 2 Diabetes.
• Obesity and a sedentary lifestyle are the biggest diabetes risk factors that are controllable.
• People should watch their weight and Exercise on a regular basis to help reverse Prediabetes, and prevent the development of Type 2 Diabetes.
• Diet is important because it helps with weight loss. Some foods such as nuts in small amounts provide health benefits in blood sugar regulation.
• There is no single recommended Diabetes prevention diet, but following a sound nutrition plan and maintaining a healthy weight are important steps in preventing the disease.
• Exercise is beneficial even without weight loss in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
• Exercise is even more beneficial with weight loss in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
• Smoking is harmful in many ways including increasing the risk of cancer and Heart Disease. It also increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
• There are medications available that have been shown in large trials to delay or prevent the onset of overt diabetes. Metformin (Glucophage) is recommended by the Diabetes Association for prevention of diabetes in high-risk people.
CONCLUSION
The coming years will be very exciting regarding the advances in the field of prevention of diabetes. However, the cornerstone of therapy will likely remain a Healthy Lifestyle.
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