chemistry project on analysis of honey

Today we will see how to make project on 'chemistry project on analysis of honey' this project is only for class 12th student and this project is belongs to chemistry' in this project we will cover following steps

 AIM

REQUIREMENTS

THEORY

PROCEDURE

OBSERVATION TABLE

RESULT


BIBLOGRAPHY

                                  AIM

To analyze the available honey for presence of

different minerals and carbohydrates.

               REQUIREMENTS

APPARATUS

♦️TEST TUBE

♦️TEST TUBE STAND

♦️BURNER

♦️WATER BATH

CHEMICALS

♦️FEHLING SOLUTION A

♦️FEHLING SOLUTION B

♦️AMMONIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION

♦️AMMONIUM OXALATE SOLUTION

♦️AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE

♦️CONC.NITRIC ACID

♦️POTASSIUM SULPHOCYANIDE SOLUTION

                         THEORY

Honey, thick, sweet, super saturated sugar solution manufactured by bees to feed their larvae and for the
subsistence during winter.

Bee honey is composed of fructose, glucose and water, in varying proportions. It also contains several enzymes and OILS. The color & flavor depends on the age of the honey and the sources of the nectar .It colored honeys are usually of higher quality than dark coloured honeys. Other high
grade honeys are made by bees from orange blossoms, clover and Alfalfa. A well known, poorer grade honey is

produced from buckwheat.

Honey has a fuel value of about 3307 cal/kg [1520 cal/ lbs]. It readily picks up moisture from the air and is consequently used as a moistioning agent for Tobacco and in baking.
Glucose crystallizes out of honey on standing at room temperature, leaving on uncrystallized layer of dissolved
fructose. Honey to be MARKETED is usually heated by a special process to about 66oC [150.01 F] to dissolve the
crystals and is sealed to prevent crystallization. The fructose in crystallized honey ferments readily at about 160C.

                   PROCEDURE  

TEST FOR MINERALS:-

1. Test for Potassium:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and picric acid solution is added. Yellow precipitate indicates the presence of K+.

2. Test for Calcium:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4Cl solution and NH4OH solution are added to it. The solution is filtered and to the filtrate 2ml of ammonium oxalate solution is added.

White ppt. or milkiness indicates the presence of Ca2+ ions.

3. Test for Magnesium:-

2 ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4Cl solution is added to it and then excess of Ammonium phosphate solution is added. The side of the testtube is scratched with a glass rod. White precipitate indicates the presence of Mg2+ ions.

4. Test for Iron:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and a drop of conc. HNO3 is added and it is heated. It is cooled and 2-3

drops of Potassium sulphocyanide solution is added to it. Blood red colour shows the presence of iron.

TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES

1. Fehling`s test:

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 1ml each of Fehling`s solution A and Fehling`s solution B are added to

it and boiled. Red precipitate indicates the presence of reducing sugars.

2. Tollen`s test:

2-3 ml of aqueous solution of honey is taken in a test tube. 2-3ml of Tollen`s reagent is added. The test tube is kept in a boiling water bath for about ten minutes. A shining silver mirror indicates the presence of reducing carbohydrates.

      OBSERVATION TABLE

Substance taken: Honey

                         RESULT

◼️Potassium is present.

◼️Iron is present.

◼️Calcium is absent.

◼️Magnesium is absent.

◼️Honey contains reducing sugar.

                   BIBLOGRAPHY

 ❋www.projects.icbse.com\chemistry

 ❋www.projectsyapa.com\chemistry

 ❋Comprehensive Practical Chemistry

 ❋Google Images

                            you can watch our video

                           you can see our pdf  also

download pdf ⟶ click here