Today we will see how to make project on 'Project on Gestation period in humans for class 12th' this project is only for class 12th student and this project is belongs to 'Human Reproduction' in this project we will cover following steps
1. What is gestation period?
2. Gestation period in humans
3.Phrases of human gestation period
1. First trimester
2. Second trimester
3. Third trimester
4. Gestation period of different mammals (table)
7.Summary and observation
8.References
What is gestation period?
1 We have studied that gestation is period of embryonic development.
2 In broad, Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside female viviparous animals. It occur in in mammals, but also occurs for some non-mammals. Mammals during pregnancy can have one or more gestations at the same time (multiple gestations).
3 The time interval of a gestation is called the gestation period. In human obstetrics, gestational age refers to the embryonic or fetal age plus two weeks.
Gestation Period in Humans
1 In mammals, pregnancy begins when a zygote implants in the female's uterus and ends once the fetus leaves the uterus.
2 In Humans, Pregnancy begins at conception when the sperm from the man fertilizes the egg, or ovum, of the woman. The gestation period for humans continues until the child is born. The “normal” gestation period is about 40 weeks, but may range from 37 to 42 weeks and still be considered a normal pregnancy.
Phrases of human gestation period
1 Human pregnancy can be divided roughly into three trimesters, each approximately three months long.
2 The first trimester is from the last period to the 13th week.
3 The second trimester is from the 14th to 27th week.
4 The third trimester is from the 28th week to the 42nd week.
First Trimester
1 During this trimester, the fetus implants into the womb of the woman.
2 During the first month the lungs are formed, the heart starts beating and the spinal cord is growing.
3 The placenta also develops at this point in the first trimester.
4 In the second month head and facial features are shaping, including eyes and mouth. Hands and feet are also forming.
5 At the beginning of the third month fetus is around 3 cm long, fingers and toes are formed as well as sexual organs.
6 At the end of third month, fetus is approximately 8 cm long and develops immunity towards infections thus the risk of miscarriage is lower.
Second Trimester
1 During the 2nd trimester, the baby begins to grow rapidly.
2 At the start of the fourth month, the baby has fine hair covering the body and can curl the fingers.
3 By about the 20th week (5 month) of the gestation period, most women will begin to feel movement of the fetus.
4 In the fifth month, senses are developed and the skin is protected by a layer of a waxy secretion.
5 By the end of 24 weeks (6 month)-
1. Body is covered with fine hairs.
2. Eye lids separate.
3. Eye lashes are formed.
4. Strong digestive and immune system.
Third Trimester
1 During this period, the fetus increases in size and stretches the uterus and abdomen of the woman. In the first part of the 3rd trimester, the fetus will be at its most active and movement will be very obvious. As the child fills up the available space, movement will become less but stronger and the woman will become more uncomfortable.
2 At the beginning of the last three months, almost every organ, except for the lungs, begins to function.
3 During the seventh month the brain starts to develop.
4 The movements decrease because of the baby’s large size. The baby is positioned for the birth, with its head down.
5 By the end of 9 months the baby is fully developed and ready for delivery.
Gestation Period of different mammals
Summary
1 Gestation period is the time period in which the fetus gets develops inside the mother womb.
2 It occurs in all the mammals.
3 Every mammal have different time period of gestation period.
4 Gestation period may depend on the size of organisms.
Observation
1 From the research I have learnt that there are many aspects in field of biology.
2 I am able to study the intermediate aspect of reproduction.
3 We can now say that gestation period is very important time period when it comes to childcare.
References
1. NCERT Class 12 biology
2. Pradeep Class 12 biology guide
3. Wikipedia.com
4. steadyhealth.com
5. youtube.com
6. Notes by nithya madem
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